{"id":26137,"date":"2025-01-01T19:44:19","date_gmt":"2025-01-02T03:44:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chansmachining.com\/tabulka-velikosti-zavitu-jak-zmerit-a-vybrat-spravny-zavitnik%ef%bc%9f\/"},"modified":"2025-01-04T03:29:57","modified_gmt":"2025-01-04T11:29:57","slug":"tabulka-velikosti-zavitu-jak-zmerit-a-vybrat-spravny-zavitnik%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chansmachining.com\/cs\/tabulka-velikosti-zavitu-jak-zmerit-a-vybrat-spravny-zavitnik%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"Tabulka velikost\u00ed z\u00e1vit\u016f: Jak zm\u011b\u0159it a vybrat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd z\u00e1vitn\u00edk\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pozn\u00e1n\u00ed typ\u016f z\u00e1vit\u016f a velikost\u00ed kohoutk\u016f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\n
\"Imperiální<\/figure><\/div>\n

Ne\u017e se za\u010dnete zab\u00fdvat technick\u00fdmi detaily v\u00fdb\u011bru velikosti z\u00e1vitn\u00edku, je nezbytn\u00e9 porozum\u011bt dv\u011bma hlavn\u00edm syst\u00e9m\u016fm z\u00e1vit\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm ve stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed –metrick\u00fdm z\u00e1vit\u016fm<\/strong> a imperi\u00e1ln\u00edm (neboli palcov\u00fdm) z\u00e1vit\u016fm<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

Metrick\u00e9 z\u00e1vity<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Pr\u016fm\u011br z\u00e1vitu<\/strong> a stoup\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> (vzd\u00e1lenost mezi z\u00e1vity) jsou dva faktory, kter\u00e9 v metrick\u00e9 soustav\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1vit. MxP<\/strong> je nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metrick\u00fd form\u00e1t z\u00e1vitu, kde „M“ znamen\u00e1 metrick\u00fd z\u00e1vit a „P“ stoup\u00e1n\u00ed v milimetrech.<\/p>\n\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00e1vit M8x1,25 m\u00e1 standardn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku 8 mm a stoup\u00e1n\u00ed 1,25 mm.<\/p>\n\n

Imperial Threads<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

V USA se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo palcov\u00e9 z\u00e1vity. Ozna\u010duj\u00ed se p\u00edsmeny UNC<\/strong> (Unified National Coarse) nebo UNF<\/strong> (Unified National Fine). \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka z\u00e1vitu se ud\u00e1v\u00e1 v palc\u00edch a stoup\u00e1n\u00ed se obvykle ud\u00e1v\u00e1 po\u010dtem z\u00e1vit\u016f na palec (TPI).<\/p>\n\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad u z\u00e1vitu 1\/4″-20 UNC je z\u00e1vit \u0161irok\u00fd 1\/4 palce a m\u00e1 20 z\u00e1vit\u016f na palec.<\/p>\n\n

Velikosti z\u00e1vit\u016f pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy z\u00e1vit\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Jakmile v\u00edte, jak je typ z\u00e1vitu, se kter\u00fdm pracujete, sestaven, mus\u00edte zvolit spr\u00e1vnou velikost z\u00e1vitn\u00edku<\/strong>. Velikost z\u00e1vitn\u00edku<\/strong> v\u00e1m \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, jak velk\u00fd otvor mus\u00edte do materi\u00e1lu vyvrtat p\u0159ed \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1vit\u016f z\u00e1vitn\u00edkem. Velikost otvoru by m\u011bla b\u00fdt o n\u011bco men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br z\u00e1vitu, aby z\u00e1vitn\u00edk mohl vytvo\u0159it z\u00e1vity, kter\u00e9 t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159il\u00e9haj\u00ed ke spojovac\u00edmu prvku.<\/p>\n\n

Pou\u017eit\u00ed tabulky velikost\u00ed z\u00e1vitov\u00fdch kohoutk\u016f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Pr\u016fvodce velikost\u00ed z\u00e1vitov\u00fdch kohout\u016f je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo pracuje se spojovac\u00edmi prvky se z\u00e1vity. Tyto tabulky uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 z\u00e1vity doporu\u010denou velikost z\u00e1vitn\u00edku (velikost otvoru pro z\u00e1vitov\u00e1n\u00ed) v metrick\u00fdch i anglick\u00fdch jednotk\u00e1ch. Zde je n\u011bkolik tip\u016f, jak tyto tabulky spr\u00e1vn\u011b \u010d\u00edst a pou\u017e\u00edvat.<\/p>\n\n

Jednoduch\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad tabulky velikost\u00ed metrick\u00fdch z\u00e1vitn\u00edk\u016f je uveden n\u00ed\u017ee:<\/p>\n\n

Velikost z\u00e1vitu (mm)<\/th>Rozte\u010d (mm)<\/th>Velikost z\u00e1vitn\u00edku (mm)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
M3<\/td>0.5<\/td>2.5<\/td><\/tr>
M4<\/td>0.7<\/td>3.3<\/td><\/tr>
M5<\/td>0.8<\/td>4.2<\/td><\/tr>
M6<\/td>1.0<\/td>5.0<\/td><\/tr>
M8<\/td>1.25<\/td>6.8<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

V imperi\u00e1ln\u00edm syst\u00e9mu by graf vypadal n\u00e1sledovn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n

Velikost z\u00e1vitu (palce)<\/th>TPI (z\u00e1vity na palec)<\/th>Velikost z\u00e1vitn\u00edku (palce)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
1\/4″<\/td>20<\/td>0.2013<\/td><\/tr>
5\/16″<\/td>18<\/td>0.2720<\/td><\/tr>
3\/8″<\/td>16<\/td>0.3125<\/td><\/tr>
1\/2″<\/td>13<\/td>0.4490<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

Tyto p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky v\u00e1m pomohou vybrat spr\u00e1vnou velikost vrt\u00e1ku pro z\u00e1vitn\u00edk a ujistit se, \u017ee otvor m\u00e1 spr\u00e1vnou velikost pro z\u00e1vitn\u00edk. Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee velikost z\u00e1vitn\u00edkov\u00e9ho vrt\u00e1ku<\/strong> by m\u011bla b\u00fdt o n\u011bco men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br z\u00e1vitu. To z\u00e1vis\u00ed na stoup\u00e1n\u00ed. Tak\u017ee velikost vrt\u00e1ku pro z\u00e1vit M8x1,25, jak je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bno na obr\u00e1zku v\u00fd\u0161e, by m\u011bla b\u00fdt 6,8 mm.<\/p>\n\n

Jak \u010d\u00edst graf?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1dku tabulky je uvedena „velikost z\u00e1vitu“, „stoup\u00e1n\u00ed“ (v metrick\u00e9 tabulce) nebo „velikost z\u00e1vitn\u00edku“ (v imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed tabulce). Takto se tabulka pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  1. Zjist\u011bte velikost z\u00e1vitu. Zvolte velikost z\u00e1vitu, kter\u00fd chcete pou\u017e\u00edt, nap\u0159\u00edklad M8 nebo 1\/4″-20. Chcete-li zjistit spr\u00e1vnou rozte\u010d nebo TPI, postupujte n\u00e1sledovn\u011b: Pokud se jedn\u00e1 o metrick\u00fd z\u00e1vit, zjist\u011bte stoup\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by pro z\u00e1vit M8 bylo 1,25 mm. Chcete-li zjistit TPI pro imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vity, nap\u0159\u00edklad 20 TPI pro 1\/4″.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Zjist\u011bte velikost vrt\u00e1ku<\/strong>: Jakmile zn\u00e1te spr\u00e1vnou velikost z\u00e1vitu a stoup\u00e1n\u00ed (TPI), m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt velikost vrt\u00e1ku, kter\u00fd se k n\u011bmu hod\u00ed. Tuto velikost otvoru mus\u00edte vyvrtat p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e do n\u011bj budete moci z\u00e1vitovat.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Pr\u016fvodce v\u00fdb\u011brem spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 velikosti vodovodn\u00edho kohoutku krok za krokem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

    P\u0159esto\u017ee je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 um\u011bt \u010d\u00edst tabulku velikost\u00ed z\u00e1vitov\u00fdch kohout\u016f, p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 velikosti z\u00e1vitn\u00edku pro va\u0161i pr\u00e1ci byste m\u011bli myslet i na dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bci. Pou\u017eijte n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00e9 pokyny krok za krokem, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m pomohou vybrat spr\u00e1vnou velikost z\u00e1vitn\u00edku pro va\u0161e pot\u0159eby.<\/p>\n\n

    Krok 1: Ur\u010den\u00ed typu a velikosti z\u00e1vitu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Ne\u017e za\u010dnete, mus\u00edte si uv\u011bdomit, jak\u00fd druh vl\u00e1kna m\u00e1te. „Imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vit“ nebo „metrick\u00fd z\u00e1vit“? Chcete-li m\u00edt jistotu, pod\u00edvejte se na specifikace d\u00edlu nebo zavolejte v\u00fdrobci.<\/p>\n\n

    Krok 2: Zm\u011b\u0159te nebo ur\u010dete pr\u016fm\u011br<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Pot\u00e9 zm\u011b\u0159en\u00edm nebo ur\u010den\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011bru \u0161roubu nebo svorn\u00edku zjist\u011bte, o jak\u00fd druh z\u00e1vitu se jedn\u00e1. To je dobr\u00fd v\u00fdchoz\u00ed bod pro v\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 velikosti z\u00e1vitu. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017eijeme \u0161roub M8<\/strong>, jeho\u017e \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka je 8 mm.<\/p>\n\n

    Krok 3: Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed rozte\u010de nebo TPI<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Pokud pracujete s metrick\u00fdmi z\u00e1vity, pot\u0159ebujete zn\u00e1t „stoup\u00e1n\u00ed“ z\u00e1vitu. Stoup\u00e1n\u00ed je mezera mezi z\u00e1vity. Ke zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stoup\u00e1n\u00ed lze pou\u017e\u00edt n\u00e1stroj pro zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stoup\u00e1n\u00ed nebo z\u00edskat informace od v\u00fdrobce. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1vitu M8 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka 1,25 mm.<\/p>\n\n

    Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010d\u00edslem, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zn\u00e1t u imperi\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1vit\u016f, je TPI, co\u017e je zkratka pro „z\u00e1vity na palec“. Toto \u010d\u00edslo ud\u00e1v\u00e1, kolik z\u00e1vit\u016f je v jednom palci. Nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00e1vit 1\/4″-20 UNC<\/strong> m\u00e1 20 z\u00e1vit\u016f na palec.<\/p>\n\n

    Krok 4: Pod\u00edvejte se na tabulku velikost\u00ed kohoutk\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Pr\u016fvodce velikost\u00ed z\u00e1vitov\u00fdch kohout\u016f v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee naj\u00edt spr\u00e1vnou velikost z\u00e1vitov\u00e9ho vrt\u00e1ku, jakmile zn\u00e1te typ, velikost a stoup\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vitu (TPI). Pokud si nejste jisti n\u011bkter\u00fdm z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch krok\u016f, zkontrolujte si znovu m\u00edry nebo je vyhledejte v knize.<\/p>\n\n

    Krok 5: V\u00fdb\u011br p\u0159\u00edklepov\u00e9ho vrt\u00e1ku<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Jakmile v tabulce najdete spr\u00e1vnou velikost p\u0159\u00edklepov\u00e9ho vrt\u00e1ku, m\u016f\u017eete za\u010d\u00edt vrtat otvor spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 velikosti. Pou\u017eijte vrt\u00e1k stejn\u00e9 velikosti, jak\u00e1 je uvedena v tabulce. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pro z\u00e1vit M8x1,25 budete muset vyvrtat otvor o pr\u016fm\u011bru 6,8 mm.<\/p>\n\n

    Krok 6: Vyp\u00edchn\u011bte otvor<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed otvoru pou\u017eijte spr\u00e1vn\u00fd z\u00e1vit<\/strong>. Z\u00e1vitn\u00edky se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch typech, jako jsou ru\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1vitn\u00edky, strojn\u00ed z\u00e1vitn\u00edky a z\u00e1vitn\u00edky se spir\u00e1lov\u00fdm hrotem. O v\u00fdb\u011bru z\u00e1vitn\u00edku rozhoduje typ materi\u00e1lu a pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

    Obvykl\u00e9 chyby a jak se jim vyhnout<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \n
    \"Metrický<\/figure><\/div>\n

    P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 velikosti vodovodn\u00edho kohoutku se lid\u00e9 \u010dasto dopou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed n\u011bkolika chyb. Tyto tipy v\u00e1m pomohou vybrat spr\u00e1vnou velikost vodovodn\u00edho kohoutku, ani\u017e byste se dopustili n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch chyb:<\/p>\n\n

    Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 velikost z\u00e1vitn\u00edku<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Nepou\u017eit\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 velikosti z\u00e1vitn\u00edku zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1vity budou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 t\u011bsn\u00e9, co\u017e zt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed za\u0161roubov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161roub\u016f. Naopak p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e9ho vrt\u00e1ku se z\u00e1vity nemus\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b vytvo\u0159it a \u0161roub nemus\u00ed pevn\u011b zapadnout. Ne\u017e za\u010dnete vrtat, zkontrolujte \u010d\u00edsla ve spolehliv\u00e9 tabulce velikost\u00ed z\u00e1vitn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

    Nepochopen\u00ed nadhozu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zn\u00e1t rozd\u00edl mezi rozte\u010d\u00ed<\/strong> (u metrick\u00fdch z\u00e1vit\u016f) a TPI<\/strong> (u imperi\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1vit\u016f). Pokud je zam\u011b\u0148ujete, z\u00e1vity nebudou spr\u00e1vn\u011b a jejich ulo\u017een\u00ed bude \u0161patn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

    V\u00fdb\u011br nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho kohoutku pro dan\u00fd materi\u00e1l<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    R\u016fzn\u00e9 typy materi\u00e1l\u016f pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy kohout\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad hlin\u00edk nebo jin\u00e9 m\u011bkk\u00e9 kovy mohou pot\u0159ebovat jin\u00fd druh z\u00e1vitn\u00edku ne\u017e ocel nebo jin\u00e9 tvrd\u0161\u00ed kovy. Aby nedo\u0161lo k po\u0161kozen\u00ed z\u00e1vit\u016f, ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee jste vybrali spr\u00e1vn\u00fd z\u00e1vitn\u00edk pro danou pr\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n\n

    Nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed s toleranc\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Tolerance u z\u00e1vit\u016f znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee se od sebe mohou v ur\u010dit\u00fdch mez\u00edch m\u00edrn\u011b li\u0161it. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru velikosti z\u00e1vitn\u00edku se ujist\u011bte, \u017ee rozsah z\u00e1vitn\u00edku odpov\u00edd\u00e1 po\u017eadavk\u016fm na z\u00e1vit.<\/p>\n\n

    Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

    Velmi d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9ho \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vit\u016f je volba spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 velikosti z\u00e1vitn\u00edku. P\u0159esnost a spolehlivost z\u00e1vitov\u00e1n\u00ed si m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt jisti, pokud zn\u00e1te r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy z\u00e1vit\u016f (metrick\u00e9 a imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed), v\u00edte, jak pou\u017e\u00edvat tabulku velikost\u00ed z\u00e1vitn\u00edk\u016f, a v\u00edte, jak postupovat p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 velikosti z\u00e1vitn\u00edku.<\/p>\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Mechanick\u00e9 stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed vy\u017eaduje p\u0159esnost, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vit\u016f a z\u00e1vitov\u00e1n\u00ed. Spojovac\u00ed prvky, armatury a spoje, kter\u00e9 spojuj\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed z\u00e1vity. Volba spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 velikosti z\u00e1vitn\u00edku je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1. Velikosti z\u00e1vitn\u00edk\u016f zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1vity vy\u0159ezan\u00e9 do materi\u00e1lu spr\u00e1vn\u011b zapadnou a upevn\u00ed spojovac\u00ed prvek.<\/p>\n

    Tento p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek v\u00e1m uk\u00e1\u017ee, jak vyu\u017e\u00edt tabulku velikost\u00ed z\u00e1vitn\u00edk\u016f, abyste z\u00edskali spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 rozm\u011bry pro va\u0161i aplikaci. 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